Participle, Gerund ,Infinitive Verbals

VERBALS

A verbal is a noun or adjective formed a verb. Verbal’s express action in a general way, without limiting the action to any time or asserting it to any subject.

There are three kinds of verbal’s.

 1.     Participle (which acts as an adjective)

 2.     Gerund (which acts as a noun)

 3.     Infinitive (which also acts as a noun)

The main differences between verbal’s and other nouns and adjectives is that verbal’s can take their own objects, even though they are no longer verbs.

 1.   The participle

A participle is an adjective formed from a verb. To make a present’s participle, you add –ing to the verb, sometimes doubling the final constant.

Sing becomes singing

Play becomes playing

Fall becoming falling

Run becoming running

Beg becoming begging

The second type of participle, the past participle, is a little more complained, since not all verbs form the past tense regularly. The following are all past participle.

The drunk man

A ruined city

A misspelled word

Note that only transitive verbs ca use their past participle as adjectives, and that unlike other verbal’s, past participle do not take objects (unless they are part of a compound verb).

 2.   The Gerund

A gerund is a noun formed from a verb. To make a gerund, you add –ing to the verb, just as with a present participle.

The gerund is like the participle is form, add like a noun in use.

The participle has been called an adjectival verbal; the gerund may be called a noun verbal. While the gerund expresses action, it has several attributes of noun---it may be governed as a noun; it may be the subject of a verb, or the object of a verb or a preposition; it is often proceeded by the definite articles; it is frequently modified by a possessive noun or pronoun.

 (a)  Organizing an event is a huge responsibility.

In this example, the noun phrase an event is the direct object of the verbal organizing, even though event is a noun rather than a verb.

Borrowing money is not a good habit.

Borrowing is a gerund. It is the subject of the sentences, “money” is the object of the gerund.

(b)Seeing is believing

In this example, there are two gerunds. The first, seeing, is the subject of the sentences. The second, believing, is the subject complement.

Sher Afzal Ranais

Author & Editor

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