THE
FUNCTIONS OF VERB TENSES
A. The present tense
1. The simple present
The simple present
tense is used to describe an action, an event or condition that is taking place
in the present, at the moment of speaking or writing. The simple present is
used when the precise beginning or ending of a present action, event, or
condition is unknown or is unimportant to the meaning of the sentences.
Each of the
highlighting verb in following sentences is in the simple present tense and
each sentence describes an action that is taking place in the present:
1.
Raj waits patiently while Vinay repairs the car.
2.
The nurse holds the saline as the patient is moved to the stretcher.
3.
The cat moves stealthily without making any noise.
4.
Gaeta writes the composition as quickly as possible.
5.
The Nosie annoys the student who is preparing for his examinations.
The simple present
is used to express general truths
such as a scientific fact, as in the following sentences:
1.
Rectangles have four sides.
2.
The moon circle the earth once
every 28 days.
3.
Calcium is important for the
formations of strong bones.
4.
Oxygen is essential for survival of
all living things.
The simple present is used to
indicate a habitual action, event or condition:
1.
Amit goes to the park every day.
2.
My parents go to church on Sundays.
3.
Michael goes to church on Sundays.
The simple present
is also used when writing about works of art:
1.
Mona Lisa is one of the most valued
paintings in the world.
2.
Panchatantra is the first
collection of stories for children.
3.
The play ends with an epilogue
spoken by the fool.
The simple present
can also be used to refer to a future event when in
conjunctions with an adverbial phrase:
1.
The gate opens in 30 minutes.
2.
The prime minster arrives on
Tuesday.
3.
The college closes next week.
4.
The lunar eclipse begins in exactly
34 minutes .
2. The present progressive (continues) tense
While the simple
present and the present progressive
are sometimes used interchangeably, the present progressive emphasis the containing nature of an act, event or condition.
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