Who
and whoever are subject pronouns.
Whom
and whomever are object pronouns.
RULE
17:
In
general, the patterns for who and whoever are:
a)
Who (whoever) + verb
The
woman who song yesterday has sung for years
WHO
+ VERB
Who
came to the party?
WHO
+ VERB
Give
the money to whoever had finished could leave.
WHOEVER
+ VERB
b) Whom (whoever) + subject + verb
OBJ.WHOM+S+VERB
The
women I met yesterday is a voice teacher.
OBJ.WHOMEVER+S+VERB
Give
it to whomever you like
Example 15:
The
wealthy socialite decided that her fortune would be left
to whoever of her relatives could present her with the
best plan for dispensing part of the money to deserving charities. No
error
RULE 18:
Sometimes
expressions like the following separates who (whoever) or whom (whomever) from
its own verb or subject and verb:
“I
think” “she said” “we know” “do you know”
He
is student who we believe can do the job.
Give
the job to the person who you think is suited for it.
He
is a man whom I feel you can trust.
Example 16:
Tell
the story to whomever you think should hear it. No
error
RULE 19: COMPARISION
Comparison
is a form of parallelism that deserves special attention.
As
the name indicates, comparison compares two parts of the sentences (or
occasionally more).
Comparison signals
Like as
Unlike as (adj.) as
More
than as much as
Lees
than as little as
Faster
than as fast as
Different
from the same as in contrast to/with
|
To
spot comparison, you must first learn certain words or phrases. Once you find comparisons,
identify the two parts of the sentences that are being compared to each other.
Finally, ensure that these two parts are truly parallel, both structurally and
logically. The most important comparison signals are like, unlike, and then. Whenever you see one of these
four words. Stop and find the two items being compared. Other common comparison
signals are shown in the chart above.
RULE 20: LIKE VS. AS
Like
and as are two very common comparison signals. You should learn to distinguish
between them.
Like
a preposition. This means that like must be followed by nouns, pronouns, or
noun phrases. Never put a clause or a prepositional phrase after like!
(Remember, a clause contains a working verb, one that can be the main verb in a
sentence.) You can correctly use to compare two nouns.
Consider
the following example:
Right:
LIKE her brother, Amna aced the test.
Here,
like is followed by the noun phrase her brother. The whole phrase like her
brother indicates a comparison between Amna and her brother (two nouns). Note
that like can be followed by gerunds (-ing forms used as nouns): LIKES
swimming, skiing is great exercise.
Wrong:
LIKE her brother DID, Amna aced the test.
Right:
AS her brother DID, Amna aced the test.
Example
17:
1:
he speaks (like/as) a native speaker.
2:
nobody plays (like/as) she does.
3:
like he was getting off at the next station, he started to
get things ready. No error
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